(1865-1911)
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The
artist Valentin Alexandrovich Serov was born into the family of a famous
Russian composer Alexander Serov. In 1871 his father died, and in 1872-73
the little boy with his widowed mother, née Bergman, lived in Munich,
where he had lessons from the artist K. Kepping. In 1874, they moved to
Paris, where Valentin regularly visited the studio of Ilya
Repin, who was very fond of the little boy. In 1875, the Serovs came
to live at Abramtsevo, the estate of the industrial tycoon Savva Mamontov,
and the cultural center of the time, where artists, musicians and actors
were always welcome. Valentin grew up in an atmosphere of constant creativity,
which characterized the Mamontovs’ household. He was lucky in getting a
professional education from early childhood from the best Russian artists,
and he soon showed himself to be a remarkably precocious draughtsman. He
would catch the likeness of a model often more quickly and surely than
the older artists in the ‘facetious drawing competitions’, which were so
much a part of the gay and idyllic life of Abramtsevo. At the age of 15
Serov entered Academy of Arts in the class of professor Pavel
Tchistykov. There he met his lifelong friend Vladimir Derviz. His first
exhibited works Girl with Peaches. Portrait
of Vera Mamontova. (1887) and Girl
in the Sunlight. Portrait of Maria Simonovich. (1888) were
a sensation. Critics called them a new word in painting. At the time of
painting them Serov was unfamiliar with the works of the French Impressionists,
yet he came very close to Renoir
in these luminous, sunny, splendidly composed portraits.
Serov tried himself in different genres: he was a beautiful landscape painter
in a more sensuous and less nostalgic vein than another teacher of his,
Isaac
Levitan: Pond in Abramtsevo.
(1886), The Overgrown Pond. Domotcanovo.
(1888), Village. (1898), Watermill
in Finland. (1902). Serov’s historical paintings are also of
value and interest: Peter II and Princess
Elizabeth Petrovna Riding to Hounds. (1900),
Peter
the Great. (1907).
Serov became the most successful and brilliant portraitist in Russia of
the 1890s and first decade of the 20th century. His most famous portraits
are Portrait of the Actress Maria Yermolova.
(1905), Portrait of Henrietta Girshman.
(1907), Portrait of Ida Rubenstein.
(1910), Portrait of Princess Olga Orlova.
(1911).
He traveled much, participated in exhibitions in Russia and abroad.
In 1897-1909, Serov taught in Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and
Architecture. He was a superb technical master of the many media in which
he practiced and that too did not fail to impress his students. Among his
pupils were N.N. Sapunov, M.I. Mashkov, P.V. Kuznetsov, N.P. Krymov, Kuzma
Petrov-Vodkin, C.Y. Sudeykin, K.F. Yuon and others. In 1903, he was
elected the academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Serov died
in 1911.
Notes
Akimova (or Akimyan), Maria Nikolayevna
(1869-1933), née Kananov, daughter of a rich Moscow philantropist
V.I. Kananov (or Kananyan).
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Maria
Akimova.
Angelo Masini (1845-1926) Italian tenor,
often sang on tour in Russia.
See: Constantin Korovin. Portrait
of Italian Singer Angelo Masini.
Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Italian
Singer Angelo Masini.
Balmont, Konstantin Dmitrievich
(1867-1942) Russian poet, translator, and essayist, one of the greatest
Russian symbolists.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the
Poet Konstantin Balmont.
Benois, Anna Karlovna (!869-1952),
née Kind, the wife of Alexander Nikolaevich Benois (1870-1960),
Russian artist, art historian, art critic, one of the organizers and leaders
of the union and magazine ‘World of Art’.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Anna
Benois.
Blaramberg, Pavel Ivanovich (1841-1907),
composer and publicist, close friend of the Serovs.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Composer
Pavel Blaramberg.
Botkina, Maria Pavlovna (1875-1952),
née Tretyakova, daughter of Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov, founder
of the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Maria
Botkina.
Botkina, Sophia Mikhailovna, née
Malutina, wife of the merchant Peter Dmitriyevich Botkin.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Sophia
Botkina.
Chokolov, Sergey Petrovich (1848-1921),
railroad engineer, worked for Savva Mamontov; Chokolova, Ekaterina Nikolayevna
(1863? -) is his wife.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Yekaterina
Chokolova. Portrait of Sergei Chokolov.
Derviz, Nadezhda Yakovlevna
(1866-1908), née Simonovich, cousin of the artist, married Serov’s
friend Vladimir Dmitrievich Derviz. Her sister Adelaida was married to
Vladimir’s brother Valeriyan Dmitrievich Derviz.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Nadezhda
Derviz with Her Child.
Dragomirova, Sophia Mikhailovna
(1871-1953), after marriage Lukomskaya, daughter of Mikhail Ivanovich Dragomirov
(1830-1905), general, scientist in military theory and teacher.
See: Ilya Repin. Portrait
of Sophia Dragomirova.
Valentin Serov. Portrait of Sophia Dragomirova-Lukomskaya.
Dyagilev, Sergey (Serge) Pavlovich
(1872-1929), specialist in drama practice and studies, organizer of art
exhibitions, since 1907 used to organize Russian Seasons in Paris.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Sergei
(Serge) Diaghilev.
Fedotova, Glikeria Nikolayevna
(1846-1925) actress, famous for her parts in plays by A.N. Ostrovskiy.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Actress
Glikeria Fedotova.
Fokin, Mikhail Mikhailovich (1880-1942)
Russian ballet dancer, ballet-master and teacher, participant of Russian
Seasons in Paris, organized by S.P. Dyagilev.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Mikhail
Fokin.
Francesco Tamagno (1851-1905) Italian
singer, tenor, was on tour in Russia when V. Serov drew this portrait.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Italian
Singer Francesco Tamagno.
Girshman, Vladimir Osipovich
(1867-1936) Moscow manufacturer, collector and patron of arts, married
to
Henrietta Leopoldovna Girshman (1885-1970), née Leon.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Henrietta
Girshman. Portrait of Henrietta Girshman.
Portrait of Henrietta Girshman. Portrait
of Vladimir Girshman.
Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna
(1882-1952), daughter of the Emperor Alexander III, sister of the Emperor
Nicholas II. At the age of 19 she got married to Prince Peter of Oldenburg.
Their marriage wasn't happy. In 1903 she met a military officer, captain
Kulikovsky, but they could marry only in 1916, they had two sons. During
the World War I Olga Alexandrovna worked as a medical nurse in the army.
After Bolsheviks’ Revolution she managed to leave Russia. In 1919-1948
she lived in Denmark with her mother. In 1848-1960 she lived in Canada,
on her farm. Died in Canada.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Grand
Duchess Olga Alexandrovna.
Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich
(1832-1909), son of the Emperor Nicholas I, Chairman of the State Council
(1881-1901).
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Grand
Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich.
Grand Duke Pavel Alexandrovich
(1860-1919), sixth son of the Emperor Alexander II, uncle of the Emperor
Nicholas II. General adjutant. Shot by Bolsheviks on 28 January 1919 in
Petrograd.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Grand
Duke Pavel Alexandrovich.
Grand Duke Georgy Mikhailovich
(1863-1919), grandson of the Emperor Nicholas I; third son of the Grand
Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich. Shot by Bolsheviks on 28 January 1919 in Petrograd.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait
of Grand Duke Georgy Mikhailovich.
Grunberg, Izabella Yulyevna,
after marriage Kamenetskaya, daughter of Maria Greigoryevna (1853-1924)
and Y. O. Grunberg, office manager of the magazine Niva.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Izabella
Grunberg.
Golizyn, Vladimir Mikhailovich
(1847-1932), Moscow Vice-Governor, then Governor (1887-1891), Mayor of
Moscow (1897-1905).
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Prince
Vladimir Golitsyn.
A. Kasyanov, a Siberian merchant.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of A. Kasyanov.
Karzinkina, Elizaveta Sergeyevna
(1886-1921) ballet dancer.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Elisaveta
Karzinkina.
Karsavina, Tamara Platonovna
(1885-1977) Russian ballet dancer, one of the main participants of Russian
Seasons in Paris (since 1907) organized by S.P. Dyagilev.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Ballet-Dancer
T. Karsavina.
Leskov, Nikolay Semenovich (1831-1895),
pen-name of N. Stebnitskiy, Russian novelist, author of many realistic
novels and stories, depicting life of different layers of the Russian society;
satires, essays, memoirs. A well-known story is his A Lady Macbeth of
Mstensk, put into opera by Dmitry Shostakovich.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Author
Nikolay Leskov.
Loseva, Evdokiya Ivanovna (1881-1936),
née Chizhova, artist, pupil of the artist.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Yevdokia
Loseva.
Lvova, Maria Yakovlevna (1864-1955),
née Simonovich, cousin of V. Serov, sculptor.
See: Valentin Serov. Girl in the Sunlight.
Portrait of Maria Simonovich. Portrait
of Maria Lvova.
Mamontova, Liudmila Anatolyevna
(1874-1937), daughter of Anatoliy Ivanovich Mamontov, niece of Savva I.
Mamontov, married to Muravyev.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Liudmila
Mamontova.
Mamontova, Maria Fedorovna (1864-1962),
after marriage Yakunchikova, niece of Savva Mamontov, known for her activities
in developing folk crafts.
See: Valentin Serov. Maria Mamontova
Riding a Horse.
Mamontova, Praskovya Anatolyevna
(1873-1945), daughter of Anatoliy Ivanovich Mamontov, niece of Savva Mamontov,
after marriage Rachinskaya.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Praskovya
Mamontova.
Morozov, Aleksey Vikulovich (1857-1934)
collector of old Russian paintings, china, graphic and lithographic portraits.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Alexei
Morozov.
Morozov, Ivan Abramovich (1871-1921)
manufacturer, collector of the contemporary paintings of Russia and France,
brother of Mikhail Abramovich Morozov; his wife Yevdokiya Sergeevna
Morozova. Morozov has gathered a big collection of Degas, Cézanne,
Gauguin, Matisse, Picasso and others. After the Bolshevik revolution, in
November 1917, his collection was nationalized, a museum of Modern Western
Art was founded. Morozov was appointed the assistant director of the museum.
See: Constantin Korovin. Portrait
of Ivan Morozov.
Valentin Serov. Portrait of Yevdokia Morozova.
Portrait of Ivan Morozov.
Morozov, Mikhail Abramovich (1870-1903),
patron of arts, collector of Russian and French newest arts, brother of
Ivan Abramovich Morozov; his wife Morozova, Margarita Kirillovna
(1873-1958), née Mamontova, pianist. Their son Morozov, Mikhail
Mikhailovich (1897-1952), childhood nickname Mika, later a specialist in
Shakespeare studies, translator.
See: Valentin Serov. Mika
Morozov. Portrait of Mikhail Abramovich
Morozov. Portrait of Margarita Morozova.
Morozova, Maria Fedorovna (1829-1911)
mother of Savva Timofeyevich Morozov.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Maria
Morozova.
Nizhinsky, Vazlav Fomich (1889-1950),
Russian ballet dancer, leading dancer and ballet-master of Russian Seasons
in Paris, organized by S.P. Dyagilev. Nizhinsky revived the art of male
dance and was innovator as choreographer. He left memoirs about his career
in ballet and people he met.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Vazlav
Nizhinsky.
Oliv, Mara Konstantinovna (1870-1963)
a relative of Savva Mamontov.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Mara
Oliv.
Orlova, Olga Konstantinovna (1872-
1923), Princess, née Beloselskaya-Belozerskaya.
See: Portrait of Princess Olga Orlova.
Portrait of Princess Olga Orlova.
Ostroukhov, Ilya Semenovich (1858-1929),
collector, artist and cultural worker.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Artist
Ilya Ostroukhov.
Peter II (1715-1730)- grandson of Peter the
Great, Russian Emperor in 1727-30.
See: Valentin Serov. Peter II and Princess
Elizabeth Petrovna Riding to Hounds.
Pobedonostsev, Konstantin
Petrovich (1827-1907), conservative statesman, lawyer, the Chief Procurator
of Synod.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of K. Pobedonostsev.
Portrait
of Alexander Lensky and Alexander Yuzhin. Lensky, Alexander
Pavlovich, stage name of Verviciotti (1847-1908), actor, producer, theoretic
of drama. Played in Maly Theater. One of the founding members of the Novy
Theatre, where he was a producer. Yuzhin, Alexander Ivanovich,
stage name of Sumbatashvili (1857-1927), actor, playwright.
See also Ivan Kramskoy. Portrait
of Actor Alexander Lensky in a Stage Costume.
Valentin Serov. Portrait of Alexander
Lensky and Alexander Yuzhin.
Pavlova, Anna Pavlovna (1881-1931),
stage name of Matveyeva, ballet dancer. She was trained in St. Petersburg
at the Imperial Ballet School, and became world famous. She performed in
Russian
Seasons in Paris since 1908; in 1910 organized a ballet company with
which traveled with concerts though Europe, America, Asia. This drawing
was executed as a sketch for a poster of Russian Seasons in Paris in 1909.
Pavlova choreographed over a dozen works and did much to create the stereotyped
image of the ballerina which persists today.
See: Valentin Serov. Anna Pavlova in the
Ballet Sylphyde. Portrait of Anna Pavlova.
Poznyakov, Nikolai Stepanovich
(1879-1941) composer, ballet-master.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Nikolay
Pozniakov.
Repina, Vera Alexeevna (1855-1918),
née Shevtsova, the first wife of the artist Ilya
Repin.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Vera
Repina.
Rubinstein, Ida Lvovna (1880-1960),
Russian ballet dancer, participated in the first Russian Seasons in Paris,
organized by S.P. Dyagilev.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Ida
Rubenstein.
Semenov-Tien-Shansky, Peter
Petrovich (1827-1914), geographer, botanist, public and state figure,
collector of old Holland paintings. He was the head of the Russian Geographical
Society (since 1873) and Russian Entomological Society (since 1889). In
1856-57 researched Tien-Shan and was the first to give its scientific description.
Organized a number of other expeditions to Central Asia. He was in charge
of publishing of several scientific works on geographical description of
Russia.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky.
Serov, Alexander Nikolayevich
(1820-1871), composer, author of the operas Judith (1862), Rogneda
(1865), and music critic, author of brilliant works on M. Glinka, R.Vagner,
L. van Bethoven, and others; father of the artist. This portrait Valentin
Serov drew from memory, photos and lithographs.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Composer
Alexander Serov.
Serov, Sasha (Alexander Valentinovich)
(1892-1959) elder son of the artist.
Serov, Yura (Yuri or Georgy Valentinovich) (1894-1929)
son of the artist, actor.
Serov, Mikhail Valentinovich (1896-1938) third son of the artist.
Serov, Anton Valentinovich (1900-1942) forth son of the artist.
Serova, Olga Valentinovna (1890-1946) daughter of the artist.
Serova, Natalia Valentinovna (1908-?) daughter of the artist.
See: Valentin Serov. Sasha Serov.
The
Children. Sasha and Yura Serov.
Scherbatova, Polina Ivanovna
(?-1966), Princess, wife of the Prince S.A. Scherbatov, painter and collector.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Princess
Polina Shcherbatova.
Simonovich, Adelaida Yakovlevna
(1872-1945), cousin of the artist, wife of the mathematician Valerian Dmitrievich
Derviz. Her sister, Nadezhda, was married to the brother of Valerian, Vladimir
Dmitrievich Derviz.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Lialia
(Adelaida) Simonovich. Portrait of Adelaida
Simonovich.
Simonovich, Nikolay Yakovlevich
(1869-1940), cousin of the artist.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Kolya
(Nikolay) Simonovich.
Staal, Anna Markovna (1875-1960) wife
of A.F. Staal, barrister.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Anna
Staal.
Stasov, Dmitry Vasilyevich (1828-1918),
public figure, lawyer; brother of Vladimir Stasov (1824-1906), art critic,
art historian, archeologist.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Dmitry
Stasov.
Trubnikova, Olga Fedorovna, after
marriage Serova, wife of the artist, they married on 29 January, 1889.
See: Valentin Serov. By the Window. Portrait
of Olga Trubnikova. By the Window. Portrait
of Olga Trubnikova. Portrait of Olga Serova.
Summertime.
Portrait of Olga Serova.
Yermolova, Maria Nikolayevna (1853-1928)
actress, the first to get a title of the People’s Artist of the Republic
in 1920.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of the Actress
Maria Yermolova.
Yusupova, Zinaida Nikolayevna
(1861-1939), Princess from the old noble family of Yusupovs, she was the
last representative of the family, that is why upon a special order of
the Emperor the title of Prince and the name of Yusupov were transferred
to her husband, Count Felix Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston (1856-1928),
Moscow General Governor (1914-15); their sons: Sumarokov-Elston, Nikolai
Felixovich (1882-1908), Count, the elder son, was killed in a duel;
Sumarokov-Elston,
Felix Felixovich (1887-1967) Count, later Prince Yusupov, the younger
son, was married to Grand Duchess Irina Alexandrovna (1895-1970), niece
of Emperor Nicholas II. He is famous for organizing the assassination of
Grigoriy Rasputin. Left memoirs about his family and his emperial relatives.
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Princess
Zinaida Yusupova. Portrait of Prince
Felix Yusupov, Count Sumarokov-Elstone. Portrait
of Count Nikolay Sumarokov-Elstone. Portrait
of Count Felix Sumarokov-Elstone, later Prince Yusupov.
Zabelin, Ivan Egorovich (1820-1908)
historian, archeologist, one of the founders of Historical Museum in Moscow,
academician of the Academy of Arts (1892), Correspondent Member (1884)
and then Honored Member (1907) of the Academy of Science. Headed excavations
of Scythians’ hill Tchertomlyk, ancient Greek cities of Phanagohria and
Olvia. Gathered a big collection of manuscripts of 15th-18th centuries.
Author of scientific works, one of the most famous is Everyday life of
the Russian people XVI-XVII centuries (1869).
See: Valentin Serov. Portrait of Ivan
Zabelin.
Bibliography:
Serov by V. Leniashin. Russian Painters of the XIX century.
Moscow. 1989.
The
Art and Architecture of Russia (Pelican History Art) by George
Heard Hamilton. Yale Univ Pr, 1992.
A
Dictionary of Russian and Soviet Artists 1420-1970 by John
Milner. Antique Collectors' Club, 1993.
Valentin
Serov : Portraits of Russia's Silver Age by Elizabeth Valkenier.
Northwestern University Press, 2001.
Valentin
Serov. 1865 - 1911. Paintings. Graphic Art. by Vladimir Leniashin,
Vladimir Kruglov, Yevgenia Petrova, Joseph Kiblitsky. Palace Editions,
2005.